#   Copyright 2012-2013 OpenStack Foundation
#
#   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
#   not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
#   a copy of the License at
#
#        http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
#   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
#   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
#   WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
#   License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
#   under the License.
#

"""Image V2 Action Implementations"""

import argparse
from base64 import b64encode
from collections.abc import Iterable, Sequence
import copy
import logging
import os
import sys
from typing import Any
import urllib.parse

from openstack import exceptions as sdk_exceptions
from openstack.image import image_signer
from openstack.image.v2 import image as _image
from openstack import utils as sdk_utils
from osc_lib.api import utils as api_utils
from osc_lib.cli import format_columns
from osc_lib.cli import parseractions
from osc_lib import exceptions
from osc_lib import utils

from openstackclient import command
from openstackclient.common import pagination
from openstackclient.common import progressbar
from openstackclient.i18n import _
from openstackclient.identity import common as identity_common

CONTAINER_CHOICES = ["ami", "ari", "aki", "bare", "docker", "ova", "ovf"]
DEFAULT_CONTAINER_FORMAT = 'bare'
DEFAULT_DISK_FORMAT = 'raw'
DISK_CHOICES = [
    "ami",
    "ari",
    "aki",
    "vhd",
    "vmdk",
    "raw",
    "qcow2",
    "vhdx",
    "vdi",
    "iso",
    "ploop",
]
# A list of openstacksdk Image object attributes (values) that named
# differently from actual properties stored by Glance (keys).
IMAGE_ATTRIBUTES_CUSTOM_NAMES = {
    'os_hidden': 'is_hidden',
    'protected': 'is_protected',
    'os_hash_algo': 'hash_algo',
    'os_hash_value': 'hash_value',
    'img_config_drive': 'needs_config_drive',
    'os_secure_boot': 'needs_secure_boot',
    'hw_vif_multiqueue_enabled': 'is_hw_vif_multiqueue_enabled',
    'hw_boot_menu': 'is_hw_boot_menu_enabled',
    'auto_disk_config': 'has_auto_disk_config',
}
MEMBER_STATUS_CHOICES = ["accepted", "pending", "rejected", "all"]

LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)


def _format_image(
    image: _image.Image, human_readable: bool = False
) -> dict[str, object]:
    """Format an image to make it more consistent with OSC operations."""

    info = {}
    properties: dict[str, object] = {}

    # the only fields we're not including is "links", "tags" and the properties
    fields_to_show = [
        'status',
        'name',
        'container_format',
        'created_at',
        'size',
        'disk_format',
        'updated_at',
        'visibility',
        'min_disk',
        'protected',
        'id',
        'file',
        'checksum',
        'owner',
        'virtual_size',
        'min_ram',
        'schema',
        'is_hidden',
        'hash_algo',
        'hash_value',
    ]

    # TODO(gtema/anybody): actually it should be possible to drop this method,
    # since SDK already delivers a proper object
    data = image.to_dict(ignore_none=True, original_names=True)

    # split out the usual key and the properties which are top-level
    for key in data:
        if key in fields_to_show:
            info[key] = data[key]
        elif key == 'tags':
            continue  # handle this later
        elif key == 'properties':
            # NOTE(gtema): flatten content of properties
            properties.update(data[key])
        elif key != 'location':
            properties[key] = data[key]

    if human_readable:
        info['size'] = utils.format_size(data['size'])

    # format the tags if they are there
    info['tags'] = format_columns.ListColumn(data.get('tags') or [])

    # add properties back into the dictionary as a top-level key
    if properties:
        info['properties'] = format_columns.DictColumn(properties)

    return info


_formatters = {
    'tags': format_columns.ListColumn,
}


def _get_member_columns(item: Any) -> tuple[tuple[str, ...], tuple[str, ...]]:
    column_map = {'image_id': 'image_id'}
    hidden_columns = ['id', 'location', 'name']
    return utils.get_osc_show_columns_for_sdk_resource(
        item.to_dict(),
        column_map,
        hidden_columns,
    )


def get_data_from_stdin() -> Any:
    # distinguish cases where:
    # (1) stdin is not valid (as in cron jobs):
    #    openstack ... <&-
    # (2) image data is provided through stdin:
    #    openstack ... < /tmp/file
    # (3) no image data provided
    #    openstack ...
    try:
        os.fstat(0)
    except OSError:
        # (1) stdin is not valid
        return None

    if not sys.stdin.isatty():
        # (2) image data is provided through stdin
        image = sys.stdin
        if hasattr(sys.stdin, 'buffer'):
            image = sys.stdin.buffer
        if sys.platform == "win32":
            import msvcrt

            msvcrt.setmode(sys.stdin.fileno(), os.O_BINARY)

        return image
    else:
        # (3)
        return None


def _add_is_protected_args(parser: argparse.ArgumentParser) -> None:
    protected_group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
    protected_group.add_argument(
        "--protected",
        action="store_true",
        dest="is_protected",
        default=None,
        help=_("Prevent image from being deleted"),
    )
    protected_group.add_argument(
        "--unprotected",
        action="store_false",
        dest="is_protected",
        default=None,
        help=_("Allow image to be deleted (default)"),
    )


def _add_visibility_args(parser: argparse.ArgumentParser) -> None:
    public_group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
    public_group.add_argument(
        "--public",
        action="store_const",
        const="public",
        dest="visibility",
        help=_("Image is accessible and visible to all users"),
    )
    public_group.add_argument(
        "--private",
        action="store_const",
        const="private",
        dest="visibility",
        help=_(
            "Image is only accessible by the owner "
            "(default until --os-image-api-version 2.5)"
        ),
    )
    public_group.add_argument(
        "--community",
        action="store_const",
        const="community",
        dest="visibility",
        help=_(
            "Image is accessible by all users but does not appear in the "
            "default image list of any user except the owner "
            "(requires --os-image-api-version 2.5 or later)"
        ),
    )
    public_group.add_argument(
        "--shared",
        action="store_const",
        const="shared",
        dest="visibility",
        help=_(
            "Image is only accessible by the owner and image members "
            "(requires --os-image-api-version 2.5 or later) "
            "(default since --os-image-api-version 2.5)"
        ),
    )


class AddProjectToImage(command.ShowOne):
    _description = _("Associate project with image")

    def get_parser(self, prog_name: str) -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
        parser = super().get_parser(prog_name)
        parser.add_argument(
            "image",
            metavar="<image>",
            help=_("Image to share (name or ID)"),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "project",
            metavar="<project>",
            help=_("Project to associate with image (ID)"),
        )
        identity_common.add_project_domain_option_to_parser(parser)
        return parser

    def take_action(
        self, parsed_args: argparse.Namespace
    ) -> tuple[Sequence[str], Iterable[Any]]:
        image_client = self.app.client_manager.image
        identity_client = self.app.client_manager.identity

        project_id = identity_common.find_project(
            identity_client,
            parsed_args.project,
            parsed_args.project_domain,
        ).id

        image = image_client.find_image(
            parsed_args.image,
            ignore_missing=False,
        )

        obj = image_client.add_member(
            image=image.id,
            member_id=project_id,
        )

        display_columns, columns = _get_member_columns(obj)
        data = utils.get_item_properties(obj, columns, formatters={})

        return (display_columns, data)


class CreateImage(command.ShowOne):
    _description = _("Create/upload an image")

    deadopts = ('size', 'location', 'copy-from', 'checksum', 'store')

    def get_parser(self, prog_name: str) -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
        parser = super().get_parser(prog_name)
        # TODO(bunting): There are additional arguments that v1 supported
        # that v2 either doesn't support or supports weirdly.
        # --checksum - could be faked clientside perhaps?
        # --location - maybe location add?
        # --size - passing image size is actually broken in python-glanceclient
        # --copy-from - does not exist in v2
        # --store - does not exits in v2
        parser.add_argument(
            "name",
            metavar="<image-name>",
            help=_("New image name"),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--id",
            metavar="<id>",
            help=_("Image ID to reserve"),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--container-format",
            default=DEFAULT_CONTAINER_FORMAT,
            choices=CONTAINER_CHOICES,
            metavar="<container-format>",
            help=(
                _(
                    "Image container format. "
                    "The supported options are: %(option_list)s. "
                    "The default format is: %(default_opt)s"
                )
                % {
                    'option_list': ', '.join(CONTAINER_CHOICES),
                    'default_opt': DEFAULT_CONTAINER_FORMAT,
                }
            ),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--disk-format",
            default=DEFAULT_DISK_FORMAT,
            choices=DISK_CHOICES,
            metavar="<disk-format>",
            help=_(
                "Image disk format. The supported options are: %s. "
                "The default format is: raw"
            )
            % ', '.join(DISK_CHOICES),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--min-disk",
            metavar="<disk-gb>",
            type=int,
            help=_("Minimum disk size needed to boot image, in gigabytes"),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--min-ram",
            metavar="<ram-mb>",
            type=int,
            help=_("Minimum RAM size needed to boot image, in megabytes"),
        )
        source_group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
        source_group.add_argument(
            "--file",
            dest="filename",
            metavar="<file>",
            help=_("Upload image from local file"),
        )
        source_group.add_argument(
            "--volume",
            metavar="<volume>",
            help=_("Create image from a volume"),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--force",
            dest='force',
            action='store_true',
            default=False,
            help=_(
                "Force image creation if volume is in use "
                "(only meaningful with --volume)"
            ),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--progress",
            action="store_true",
            default=False,
            help=_(
                "Show upload progress bar (ignored if passing data via stdin)"
            ),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            '--sign-key-path',
            metavar="<sign-key-path>",
            default=[],
            help=_(
                "Sign the image using the specified private key. "
                "Only use in combination with --sign-cert-id"
            ),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            '--sign-cert-id',
            metavar="<sign-cert-id>",
            default=[],
            help=_(
                "The specified certificate UUID is a reference to "
                "the certificate in the key manager that corresponds "
                "to the public key and is used for signature validation. "
                "Only use in combination with --sign-key-path"
            ),
        )
        _add_is_protected_args(parser)
        _add_visibility_args(parser)
        parser.add_argument(
            "--property",
            dest="properties",
            metavar="<key=value>",
            action=parseractions.KeyValueAction,
            help=_(
                "Set a property on this image "
                "(repeat option to set multiple properties)"
            ),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--tag",
            dest="tags",
            metavar="<tag>",
            action='append',
            help=_(
                "Set a tag on this image (repeat option to set multiple tags)"
            ),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--project",
            metavar="<project>",
            help=_("Set an alternate project on this image (name or ID)"),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--import",
            dest="use_import",
            action="store_true",
            help=_(
                "Force the use of glance image import instead of direct upload"
            ),
        )
        identity_common.add_project_domain_option_to_parser(parser)
        for deadopt in self.deadopts:
            parser.add_argument(
                f"--{deadopt}",
                metavar=f"<{deadopt}>",
                dest=deadopt.replace('-', '_'),
                help=argparse.SUPPRESS,
            )
        return parser

    def _take_action_image(
        self, parsed_args: argparse.Namespace
    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
        identity_client = self.app.client_manager.identity
        image_client = self.app.client_manager.image

        # Build an attribute dict from the parsed args, only include
        # attributes that were actually set on the command line
        kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {'allow_duplicates': True}
        copy_attrs = (
            'name',
            'id',
            'container_format',
            'disk_format',
            'min_disk',
            'min_ram',
            'tags',
            'visibility',
        )
        for attr in copy_attrs:
            if attr in parsed_args:
                val = getattr(parsed_args, attr, None)
                if val:
                    # Only include a value in kwargs for attributes that
                    # are actually present on the command line
                    kwargs[attr] = val

        # properties should get flattened into the general kwargs
        if getattr(parsed_args, 'properties', None):
            for k, v in parsed_args.properties.items():
                kwargs[k] = str(v)

        # Handle exclusive booleans with care
        # Avoid including attributes in kwargs if an option is not
        # present on the command line.  These exclusive booleans are not
        # a single value for the pair of options because the default must be
        # to do nothing when no options are present as opposed to always
        # setting a default.
        if parsed_args.is_protected is not None:
            kwargs['is_protected'] = parsed_args.is_protected

        if parsed_args.visibility is not None:
            kwargs['visibility'] = parsed_args.visibility

        if parsed_args.project:
            kwargs['owner_id'] = identity_common.find_project(
                identity_client,
                parsed_args.project,
                parsed_args.project_domain,
            ).id

        if parsed_args.use_import:
            kwargs['use_import'] = True

        # open the file first to ensure any failures are handled before the
        # image is created. Get the file name (if it is file, and not stdin)
        # for easier further handling.
        if parsed_args.filename:
            try:
                fp = open(parsed_args.filename, 'rb')
            except FileNotFoundError:
                raise exceptions.CommandError(
                    f'{parsed_args.filename!r} is not a valid file',
                )
        else:
            fp = get_data_from_stdin()

        if fp is not None and parsed_args.volume:
            msg = _(
                "Uploading data and using container are not allowed at "
                "the same time"
            )
            raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)

        if parsed_args.progress and parsed_args.filename:
            # NOTE(stephenfin): we only show a progress bar if the user
            # requested it *and* we're reading from a file (not stdin)
            filesize = os.path.getsize(parsed_args.filename)
            if filesize is not None:
                kwargs['validate_checksum'] = False
                kwargs['data'] = progressbar.VerboseFileWrapper(fp, filesize)
            else:
                kwargs['data'] = fp
        elif parsed_args.filename:
            kwargs['filename'] = parsed_args.filename
        elif fp:
            kwargs['validate_checksum'] = False
            kwargs['data'] = fp

        # sign an image using a given local private key file
        if parsed_args.sign_key_path or parsed_args.sign_cert_id:
            if not parsed_args.filename:
                msg = _(
                    "signing an image requires the --file option, "
                    "passing files via stdin when signing is not "
                    "supported."
                )
                raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)

            if (
                len(parsed_args.sign_key_path) < 1
                or len(parsed_args.sign_cert_id) < 1
            ):
                msg = _(
                    "'sign-key-path' and 'sign-cert-id' must both be "
                    "specified when attempting to sign an image."
                )
                raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)

            sign_key_path = parsed_args.sign_key_path
            sign_cert_id = parsed_args.sign_cert_id
            signer = image_signer.ImageSigner()
            try:
                pw: str | None = utils.get_password(
                    self.app.stdin,
                    prompt=(
                        "Please enter private key password, leave "
                        "empty if none: "
                    ),
                    confirm=False,
                )

                if not pw or len(pw) < 1:
                    pw = None

                signer.load_private_key(
                    sign_key_path,
                    password=pw.encode() if pw else None,
                )
            except Exception:
                msg = _(
                    "Error during sign operation: private key "
                    "could not be loaded."
                )
                raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)

            signature = signer.generate_signature(fp)
            signature_b64 = b64encode(signature)
            kwargs['img_signature'] = signature_b64
            kwargs['img_signature_certificate_uuid'] = sign_cert_id
            kwargs['img_signature_hash_method'] = signer.hash_method
            if signer.padding_method:
                kwargs['img_signature_key_type'] = signer.padding_method

        image = image_client.create_image(**kwargs)

        if parsed_args.filename:
            fp.close()

        # NOTE(pas-ha): create_image returns the image object as it was created
        # before the data was uploaded, need a refresh to show the final state
        image = image_client.get_image(image)
        return _format_image(image)

    def _take_action_volume(
        self, parsed_args: argparse.Namespace
    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
        volume_client = sdk_utils.ensure_service_version(
            self.app.client_manager.sdk_connection.volume, '3'
        )

        unsupported_opts = {
            # 'name',  # 'name' is a positional argument and will always exist
            'id',
            'min_disk',
            'min_ram',
            'file',
            'force',
            'progress',
            'sign_key_path',
            'sign_cert_id',
            'properties',
            'tags',
            'project',
            'use_import',
        }
        for unsupported_opt in unsupported_opts:
            if getattr(parsed_args, unsupported_opt, None):
                opt_name = unsupported_opt.replace('-', '_')
                if unsupported_opt == 'use_import':
                    opt_name = 'import'
                msg = _(
                    "'--%s' was given, which is not supported when "
                    "creating an image from a volume. "
                    "This will be an error in a future version."
                )
                # TODO(stephenfin): These should be an error in a future
                # version
                LOG.warning(msg, opt_name)

        source_volume = volume_client.find_volume(
            parsed_args.volume, ignore_missing=False
        )
        kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {
            'visibility': None,
            'protected': None,
        }
        if not sdk_utils.supports_microversion(volume_client, '3.1'):
            if parsed_args.visibility or parsed_args.is_protected is not None:
                msg = _(
                    '--os-volume-api-version 3.1 or greater is required '
                    'to support the --public, --private, --community, '
                    '--shared or --protected option.'
                )
                raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)
        else:
            kwargs['visibility'] = parsed_args.visibility or 'private'
            kwargs['protected'] = parsed_args.is_protected or False

        response: dict[str, Any] = volume_client.upload_volume_to_image(
            source_volume.id,
            parsed_args.name,
            force=parsed_args.force,
            disk_format=parsed_args.disk_format,
            container_format=parsed_args.container_format,
            **kwargs,
        )
        info = copy.deepcopy(response)
        try:
            info['volume_type'] = info['volume_type']['name']
        except TypeError:
            info['volume_type'] = None

        return info

    def take_action(
        self, parsed_args: argparse.Namespace
    ) -> tuple[Sequence[str], Iterable[Any]]:
        for deadopt in self.deadopts:
            if getattr(parsed_args, deadopt.replace('-', '_'), None):
                msg = _(
                    "ERROR: --%s was given, which is an Image v1 option "
                    "that is no longer supported in Image v2"
                )
                raise exceptions.CommandError(msg % deadopt)

        if parsed_args.volume:
            info = self._take_action_volume(parsed_args)
        else:
            info = self._take_action_image(parsed_args)

        col_headers, col_data = zip(*sorted(info.items()))
        return col_headers, col_data


class DeleteImage(command.Command):
    _description = _("Delete image(s)")

    def get_parser(self, prog_name: str) -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
        parser = super().get_parser(prog_name)
        parser.add_argument(
            "images",
            metavar="<image>",
            nargs="+",
            help=_("Image(s) to delete (name or ID)"),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            '--store',
            metavar='<STORE>',
            # default=None,
            dest='store',
            help=_('Store to delete image(s) from.'),
        )
        return parser

    def take_action(self, parsed_args: argparse.Namespace) -> None:
        result = 0
        image_client = self.app.client_manager.image
        for image in parsed_args.images:
            try:
                image_obj = image_client.find_image(
                    image,
                    ignore_missing=False,
                )
                image_client.delete_image(
                    image_obj.id,
                    store=parsed_args.store,
                    ignore_missing=False,
                )
            except sdk_exceptions.ResourceNotFound:
                msg = _("Multi Backend support not enabled.")
                raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)
            except Exception as e:
                result += 1
                msg = _(
                    "Failed to delete image with name or ID '%(image)s': %(e)s"
                )
                LOG.error(msg, {'image': image, 'e': e})

        total = len(parsed_args.images)
        if result > 0:
            msg = _("Failed to delete %(result)s of %(total)s images.") % {
                'result': result,
                'total': total,
            }
            raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)


class ListImage(command.Lister):
    _description = _("List available images")

    def get_parser(self, prog_name: str) -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
        parser = super().get_parser(prog_name)
        public_group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
        public_group.add_argument(
            "--public",
            action="store_const",
            const="public",
            dest="visibility",
            help=_("List only public images"),
        )
        public_group.add_argument(
            "--private",
            action="store_const",
            const="private",
            dest="visibility",
            help=_("List only private images"),
        )
        public_group.add_argument(
            "--community",
            action="store_const",
            const="community",
            dest="visibility",
            help=_(
                "List only community images "
                "(requires --os-image-api-version 2.5 or later)"
            ),
        )
        public_group.add_argument(
            "--shared",
            action="store_const",
            const="shared",
            dest="visibility",
            help=_(
                "List only shared images "
                "(requires --os-image-api-version 2.5 or later)"
            ),
        )
        public_group.add_argument(
            "--all",
            action="store_const",
            const="all",
            dest="visibility",
            help=_("List all images"),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            '--property',
            metavar='<key=value>',
            action=parseractions.KeyValueAction,
            help=_(
                'Filter output based on property '
                '(repeat option to filter on multiple properties)'
            ),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            '--name',
            metavar='<name>',
            default=None,
            help=_("Filter images based on name."),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            '--status',
            metavar='<status>',
            default=None,
            help=_("Filter images based on status."),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            '--member-status',
            metavar='<member-status>',
            default=None,
            type=lambda s: s.lower(),
            choices=MEMBER_STATUS_CHOICES,
            help=(
                _(
                    "Filter images based on member status. "
                    "The supported options are: %s. "
                )
                % ', '.join(MEMBER_STATUS_CHOICES)
            ),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            '--project',
            metavar='<project>',
            help=_("Search by project (admin only) (name or ID)"),
        )
        identity_common.add_project_domain_option_to_parser(parser)
        parser.add_argument(
            '--tag',
            metavar='<tag>',
            action='append',
            default=[],
            help=_(
                'Filter images based on tag. '
                '(repeat option to filter on multiple tags)'
            ),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            '--hidden',
            action='store_true',
            dest='is_hidden',
            default=False,
            help=_('List hidden images'),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            '--long',
            action='store_true',
            default=False,
            help=_('List additional fields in output'),
        )
        # --page-size has never worked, leave here for silent compatibility
        # We'll implement limit/marker differently later
        # TODO(stephenfin): Remove this in the next major version bump
        parser.add_argument(
            "--page-size",
            metavar="<size>",
            help=argparse.SUPPRESS,
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            '--sort',
            metavar="<key>[:<direction>]",
            default='name:asc',
            help=_(
                "Sort output by selected keys and directions (asc or desc) "
                "(default: name:asc), multiple keys and directions can be "
                "specified separated by comma"
            ),
        )
        pagination.add_marker_pagination_option_to_parser(parser)
        return parser

    def take_action(
        self, parsed_args: argparse.Namespace
    ) -> tuple[tuple[str, ...], Iterable[tuple[Any, ...]]]:
        identity_client = self.app.client_manager.identity
        image_client = self.app.client_manager.image

        kwargs = {}
        if parsed_args.visibility is not None:
            kwargs['visibility'] = parsed_args.visibility
        if parsed_args.limit:
            kwargs['limit'] = parsed_args.limit
        if parsed_args.max_items is not None:
            kwargs['max_items'] = parsed_args.max_items
        if parsed_args.marker:
            kwargs['marker'] = image_client.find_image(
                parsed_args.marker,
                ignore_missing=False,
            ).id
        if parsed_args.name:
            kwargs['name'] = parsed_args.name
        if parsed_args.status:
            kwargs['status'] = parsed_args.status
        if parsed_args.member_status:
            kwargs['member_status'] = parsed_args.member_status
        if parsed_args.tag:
            kwargs['tag'] = parsed_args.tag
        project_id = None
        if parsed_args.project:
            project_id = identity_common.find_project(
                identity_client,
                parsed_args.project,
                parsed_args.project_domain,
            ).id
            kwargs['owner'] = project_id
        if parsed_args.is_hidden:
            kwargs['is_hidden'] = parsed_args.is_hidden
        if parsed_args.long:
            columns: tuple[str, ...] = (
                'ID',
                'Name',
                'Disk Format',
                'Container Format',
                'Size',
                'Checksum',
                'Status',
                'visibility',
                'is_protected',
                'owner_id',
                'hash_algo',
                'hash_value',
                'tags',
            )
            column_headers: tuple[str, ...] = (
                'ID',
                'Name',
                'Disk Format',
                'Container Format',
                'Size',
                'Checksum',
                'Status',
                'Visibility',
                'Protected',
                'Project',
                'Hash Algorithm',
                'Hash Value',
                'Tags',
            )
        else:
            columns = ("ID", "Name", "Status")
            column_headers = columns

        # List of image data received
        if 'limit' in kwargs:
            # Disable automatic pagination in SDK
            kwargs['paginated'] = False

        images = list(image_client.images(**kwargs))

        if parsed_args.property:
            for attr, value in parsed_args.property.items():
                api_utils.simple_filter(
                    images,
                    attr=attr,
                    value=value,
                    property_field='properties',
                )

        data = utils.sort_items(images, parsed_args.sort, str)

        return (
            column_headers,
            (
                utils.get_item_properties(
                    s,
                    columns,
                    formatters=_formatters,
                )
                for s in data
            ),
        )


class ListImageProjects(command.Lister):
    _description = _("List projects associated with image")

    def get_parser(self, prog_name: str) -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
        parser = super().get_parser(prog_name)
        parser.add_argument(
            "image",
            metavar="<image>",
            help=_("Image (name or ID)"),
        )
        identity_common.add_project_domain_option_to_parser(parser)
        return parser

    def take_action(
        self, parsed_args: argparse.Namespace
    ) -> tuple[tuple[str, ...], Iterable[tuple[Any, ...]]]:
        image_client = self.app.client_manager.image
        columns: tuple[str, ...] = ("Image ID", "Member ID", "Status")

        image_id = image_client.find_image(
            parsed_args.image,
            ignore_missing=False,
        ).id

        data = image_client.members(image=image_id)

        return (
            columns,
            (
                utils.get_item_properties(
                    s,
                    columns,
                )
                for s in data
            ),
        )


class RemoveProjectImage(command.Command):
    _description = _("Disassociate project with image")

    def get_parser(self, prog_name: str) -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
        parser = super().get_parser(prog_name)
        parser.add_argument(
            "image",
            metavar="<image>",
            help=_("Image to unshare (name or ID)"),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "project",
            metavar="<project>",
            help=_("Project to disassociate with image (name or ID)"),
        )
        identity_common.add_project_domain_option_to_parser(parser)
        return parser

    def take_action(self, parsed_args: argparse.Namespace) -> None:
        image_client = self.app.client_manager.image
        identity_client = self.app.client_manager.identity

        project_id = identity_common.find_project(
            identity_client,
            parsed_args.project,
            parsed_args.project_domain,
        ).id

        image = image_client.find_image(
            parsed_args.image,
            ignore_missing=False,
        )

        image_client.remove_member(member=project_id, image=image.id)


class ShowProjectImage(command.ShowOne):
    _description = _("Show a particular project associated with image")

    def get_parser(self, prog_name: str) -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
        parser = super().get_parser(prog_name)
        parser.add_argument(
            "image",
            metavar="<image>",
            help=_("Image (name or ID)"),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "member",
            metavar="<project>",
            help=_("Project to show (name or ID)"),
        )
        identity_common.add_project_domain_option_to_parser(parser)
        return parser

    def take_action(
        self, parsed_args: argparse.Namespace
    ) -> tuple[Sequence[str], Iterable[Any]]:
        image_client = self.app.client_manager.image

        image = image_client.find_image(
            parsed_args.image,
            ignore_missing=False,
        )

        obj = image_client.get_member(
            image=image.id,
            member=parsed_args.member,
        )

        display_columns, columns = _get_member_columns(obj)
        data = utils.get_item_properties(obj, columns, formatters={})

        return (display_columns, data)


class SaveImage(command.Command):
    _description = _("Save an image locally")

    def get_parser(self, prog_name: str) -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
        parser = super().get_parser(prog_name)
        parser.add_argument(
            "--chunk-size",
            type=int,
            default=1024,
            metavar="<chunk-size>",
            help=_(
                "Size in bytes to read from the wire and buffer at one "
                "time (default: 1024)"
            ),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--file",
            metavar="<filename>",
            dest="filename",
            help=_("Downloaded image save filename (default: stdout)"),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "image",
            metavar="<image>",
            help=_("Image to save (name or ID)"),
        )
        return parser

    def take_action(self, parsed_args: argparse.Namespace) -> None:
        image_client = self.app.client_manager.image
        image = image_client.find_image(
            parsed_args.image,
            ignore_missing=False,
        )

        output_file = parsed_args.filename
        if output_file is None:
            output_file = getattr(sys.stdout, "buffer", sys.stdout)

        image_client.download_image(
            image.id,
            stream=True,
            output=output_file,
            chunk_size=parsed_args.chunk_size,
        )


class SetImage(command.Command):
    _description = _("Set image properties")

    deadopts = ('visibility',)

    def get_parser(self, prog_name: str) -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
        parser = super().get_parser(prog_name)
        # TODO(bunting): There are additional arguments that v1 supported
        # --size - does not exist in v2
        # --store - does not exist in v2
        # --location - maybe location add?
        # --copy-from - does not exist in v2
        # --file - should be able to upload file
        # --volume - not possible with v2 as can't change id
        # --force - see `--volume`
        # --checksum - maybe could be done client side
        # --stdin - could be implemented
        parser.add_argument(
            "image", metavar="<image>", help=_("Image to modify (name or ID)")
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--name", metavar="<name>", help=_("New image name")
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--min-disk",
            type=int,
            metavar="<disk-gb>",
            help=_("Minimum disk size needed to boot image, in gigabytes"),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--min-ram",
            type=int,
            metavar="<ram-mb>",
            help=_("Minimum RAM size needed to boot image, in megabytes"),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--container-format",
            metavar="<container-format>",
            choices=CONTAINER_CHOICES,
            help=_("Image container format. The supported options are: %s")
            % ', '.join(CONTAINER_CHOICES),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--disk-format",
            metavar="<disk-format>",
            choices=DISK_CHOICES,
            help=_("Image disk format. The supported options are: %s")
            % ', '.join(DISK_CHOICES),
        )
        _add_is_protected_args(parser)
        _add_visibility_args(parser)
        parser.add_argument(
            "--property",
            dest="properties",
            metavar="<key=value>",
            action=parseractions.KeyValueAction,
            help=_(
                "Set a property on this image "
                "(repeat option to set multiple properties)"
            ),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--tag",
            dest="tags",
            metavar="<tag>",
            default=None,
            action='append',
            help=_(
                "Set a tag on this image (repeat option to set multiple tags)"
            ),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--architecture",
            metavar="<architecture>",
            help=_("Operating system architecture"),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--instance-id",
            metavar="<instance-id>",
            help=_("ID of server instance used to create this image"),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--instance-uuid",
            metavar="<instance-id>",
            dest="instance_id",
            help=argparse.SUPPRESS,
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--kernel-id",
            metavar="<kernel-id>",
            help=_("ID of kernel image used to boot this disk image"),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--os-distro",
            metavar="<os-distro>",
            help=_("Operating system distribution name"),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--os-version",
            metavar="<os-version>",
            help=_("Operating system distribution version"),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--ramdisk-id",
            metavar="<ramdisk-id>",
            help=_("ID of ramdisk image used to boot this disk image"),
        )
        deactivate_group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
        deactivate_group.add_argument(
            "--deactivate",
            action="store_true",
            help=_("Deactivate the image"),
        )
        deactivate_group.add_argument(
            "--activate",
            action="store_true",
            help=_("Activate the image"),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--project",
            metavar="<project>",
            help=_("Set an alternate project on this image (name or ID)"),
        )
        identity_common.add_project_domain_option_to_parser(parser)
        for deadopt in self.deadopts:
            parser.add_argument(
                f"--{deadopt}",
                metavar=f"<{deadopt}>",
                dest=f"dead_{deadopt.replace('-', '_')}",
                help=argparse.SUPPRESS,
            )

        membership_group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
        membership_group.add_argument(
            "--accept",
            action="store_const",
            const="accepted",
            dest="membership",
            default=None,
            help=_(
                "Accept the image membership for either the project indicated "
                "by '--project', if provided, or the current user's project"
            ),
        )
        membership_group.add_argument(
            "--reject",
            action="store_const",
            const="rejected",
            dest="membership",
            default=None,
            help=_(
                "Reject the image membership for either the project indicated "
                "by '--project', if provided, or the current user's project"
            ),
        )
        membership_group.add_argument(
            "--pending",
            action="store_const",
            const="pending",
            dest="membership",
            default=None,
            help=_("Reset the image membership to 'pending'"),
        )

        hidden_group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
        hidden_group.add_argument(
            "--hidden",
            dest="is_hidden",
            default=None,
            action="store_true",
            help=_("Hide the image"),
        )
        hidden_group.add_argument(
            "--unhidden",
            dest="is_hidden",
            default=None,
            action="store_false",
            help=_("Unhide the image"),
        )
        return parser

    def take_action(self, parsed_args: argparse.Namespace) -> None:
        identity_client = self.app.client_manager.identity
        image_client = self.app.client_manager.image

        for deadopt in self.deadopts:
            if getattr(parsed_args, f"dead_{deadopt.replace('-', '_')}", None):
                raise exceptions.CommandError(
                    _(
                        "ERROR: --%s was given, which is an Image v1 option"
                        " that is no longer supported in Image v2"
                    )
                    % deadopt
                )

        image = image_client.find_image(
            parsed_args.image,
            ignore_missing=False,
        )
        project_id = None
        if parsed_args.project:
            project_id = identity_common.find_project(
                identity_client,
                parsed_args.project,
                parsed_args.project_domain,
            ).id

        # handle activation status changes

        activation_status = None
        if parsed_args.deactivate or parsed_args.activate:
            if parsed_args.deactivate:
                image_client.deactivate_image(image.id)
                activation_status = "deactivated"
            if parsed_args.activate:
                image_client.reactivate_image(image.id)
                activation_status = "activated"

        # handle membership changes

        if parsed_args.membership:
            # If a specific project is not passed, assume we want to update
            # our own membership
            if not project_id:
                project_id = self.app.client_manager.auth_ref.project_id
                assert project_id is not None, 'this should not happen'
            image_client.update_member(
                image=image.id,
                member=project_id,
                status=parsed_args.membership,
            )

        # handle everything else

        kwargs = {}
        copy_attrs = (
            'architecture',
            'container_format',
            'disk_format',
            'file',
            'instance_id',
            'kernel_id',
            'locations',
            'min_disk',
            'min_ram',
            'name',
            'os_distro',
            'os_version',
            'prefix',
            'progress',
            'ramdisk_id',
            'tags',
            'visibility',
        )
        for attr in copy_attrs:
            if attr in parsed_args:
                val = getattr(parsed_args, attr, None)
                if val is not None:
                    # Only include a value in kwargs for attributes that are
                    # actually present on the command line
                    kwargs[attr] = val

        # Properties should get flattened into the general kwargs
        if getattr(parsed_args, 'properties', None):
            for k, v in parsed_args.properties.items():
                kwargs[k] = str(v)

        # Handle exclusive booleans with care
        # Avoid including attributes in kwargs if an option is not
        # present on the command line.  These exclusive booleans are not
        # a single value for the pair of options because the default must be
        # to do nothing when no options are present as opposed to always
        # setting a default.
        if parsed_args.is_protected is not None:
            kwargs['is_protected'] = parsed_args.is_protected

        if parsed_args.visibility is not None:
            kwargs['visibility'] = parsed_args.visibility

        # Only set owner_id if --project is used WITHOUT membership flags
        # When --project is used with --accept/--reject/--pending, it should
        # only identify which member's status to update, not change ownership
        if parsed_args.project and not parsed_args.membership:
            # We already did the project lookup above
            kwargs['owner_id'] = project_id

        if parsed_args.tags:
            # Tags should be extended, but duplicates removed
            kwargs['tags'] = list(set(image.tags).union(set(parsed_args.tags)))

        if parsed_args.is_hidden is not None:
            kwargs['is_hidden'] = parsed_args.is_hidden

        try:
            image = image_client.update_image(image.id, **kwargs)
        except Exception:
            if activation_status is not None:
                LOG.info(
                    _("Image %(id)s was %(status)s."),
                    {'id': image.id, 'status': activation_status},
                )
            raise


class ShowImage(command.ShowOne):
    _description = _("Display image details")

    def get_parser(self, prog_name: str) -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
        parser = super().get_parser(prog_name)
        parser.add_argument(
            "--human-readable",
            default=False,
            action='store_true',
            help=_("Print image size in a human-friendly format."),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "image",
            metavar="<image>",
            help=_("Image to display (name or ID)"),
        )
        return parser

    def take_action(
        self, parsed_args: argparse.Namespace
    ) -> tuple[Sequence[str], Iterable[Any]]:
        image_client = self.app.client_manager.image

        image = image_client.find_image(
            parsed_args.image,
            ignore_missing=False,
        )

        info = _format_image(image, parsed_args.human_readable)
        col_headers, col_data = zip(*sorted(info.items()))
        return col_headers, col_data


class UnsetImage(command.Command):
    _description = _("Unset image tags and properties")

    def get_parser(self, prog_name: str) -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
        parser = super().get_parser(prog_name)
        parser.add_argument(
            "image",
            metavar="<image>",
            help=_("Image to modify (name or ID)"),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--tag",
            dest="tags",
            metavar="<tag>",
            default=[],
            action='append',
            help=_(
                "Unset a tag on this image "
                "(repeat option to unset multiple tags)"
            ),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            "--property",
            dest="properties",
            metavar="<property-key>",
            default=[],
            action='append',
            help=_(
                "Unset a property on this image "
                "(repeat option to unset multiple properties)"
            ),
        )
        return parser

    def take_action(self, parsed_args: argparse.Namespace) -> None:
        image_client = self.app.client_manager.image
        image = image_client.find_image(
            parsed_args.image,
            ignore_missing=False,
        )

        tagret = 0
        propret = 0
        if parsed_args.tags:
            for k in parsed_args.tags:
                try:
                    image_client.remove_tag(image.id, k)
                except Exception:
                    LOG.error(
                        _("tag unset failed, '%s' is a nonexistent tag "), k
                    )
                    tagret += 1

        kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {}
        if parsed_args.properties:
            for k in parsed_args.properties:
                if k in image:
                    delattr(image, k)
                elif k in image.properties:
                    # Since image is an "evil" object from SDK POV we need to
                    # pass modified properties object, so that SDK can figure
                    # out, what was changed inside
                    # NOTE: ping gtema to improve that in SDK
                    new_props = kwargs.get(
                        'properties', image['properties'].copy()
                    )
                    new_props.pop(k, None)
                    kwargs['properties'] = new_props
                elif (
                    k in IMAGE_ATTRIBUTES_CUSTOM_NAMES
                    and IMAGE_ATTRIBUTES_CUSTOM_NAMES[k] in image
                ):
                    delattr(image, IMAGE_ATTRIBUTES_CUSTOM_NAMES[k])
                else:
                    LOG.error(
                        _(
                            "property unset failed, '%s' is a "
                            "nonexistent property "
                        ),
                        k,
                    )
                    propret += 1

            # We must give to update a current image for the reference on what
            # has changed
            image_client.update_image(image, **kwargs)

        tagtotal = len(parsed_args.tags)
        proptotal = len(parsed_args.properties)
        if tagret > 0 and propret > 0:
            msg = _(
                "Failed to unset %(tagret)s of %(tagtotal)s tags,"
                "Failed to unset %(propret)s of %(proptotal)s properties."
            ) % {
                'tagret': tagret,
                'tagtotal': tagtotal,
                'propret': propret,
                'proptotal': proptotal,
            }
            raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)
        elif tagret > 0:
            msg = _("Failed to unset %(tagret)s of %(tagtotal)s tags.") % {
                'tagret': tagret,
                'tagtotal': tagtotal,
            }
            raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)
        elif propret > 0:
            msg = _(
                "Failed to unset %(propret)s of %(proptotal)s properties."
            ) % {'propret': propret, 'proptotal': proptotal}
            raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)


class StageImage(command.Command):
    _description = _(
        "Upload data for a specific image to staging.\n"
        "This requires support for the interoperable image import process, "
        "which was first introduced in Image API version 2.6 "
        "(Glance 16.0.0 (Queens))"
    )

    def get_parser(self, prog_name: str) -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
        parser = super().get_parser(prog_name)

        parser.add_argument(
            '--file',
            metavar='<file>',
            dest='filename',
            help=_(
                'Local file that contains disk image to be uploaded. '
                'Alternatively, images can be passed via stdin.'
            ),
        )
        # NOTE(stephenfin): glanceclient had a --size argument but it didn't do
        # anything so we have chosen not to port this
        parser.add_argument(
            '--progress',
            action='store_true',
            default=False,
            help=_(
                'Show upload progress bar (ignored if passing data via stdin)'
            ),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            'image',
            metavar='<image>',
            help=_('Image to upload data for (name or ID)'),
        )

        return parser

    def take_action(self, parsed_args: argparse.Namespace) -> None:
        image_client = self.app.client_manager.image

        image = image_client.find_image(
            parsed_args.image,
            ignore_missing=False,
        )
        # open the file first to ensure any failures are handled before the
        # image is created. Get the file name (if it is file, and not stdin)
        # for easier further handling.
        if parsed_args.filename:
            try:
                fp = open(parsed_args.filename, 'rb')
            except FileNotFoundError:
                raise exceptions.CommandError(
                    f'{parsed_args.filename!r} is not a valid file',
                )
        else:
            fp = get_data_from_stdin()

        kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {}

        if parsed_args.progress and parsed_args.filename:
            # NOTE(stephenfin): we only show a progress bar if the user
            # requested it *and* we're reading from a file (not stdin)
            filesize = os.path.getsize(parsed_args.filename)
            if filesize is not None:
                kwargs['data'] = progressbar.VerboseFileWrapper(fp, filesize)
            else:
                kwargs['data'] = fp
        elif parsed_args.filename:
            kwargs['filename'] = parsed_args.filename
        elif fp:
            kwargs['data'] = fp

        image_client.stage_image(image, **kwargs)


class ImportImage(command.ShowOne):
    _description = _(
        "Initiate the image import process.\n"
        "This requires support for the interoperable image import process, "
        "which was first introduced in Image API version 2.6 "
        "(Glance 16.0.0 (Queens))"
    )

    def get_parser(self, prog_name: str) -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
        parser = super().get_parser(prog_name)

        parser.add_argument(
            'image',
            metavar='<image>',
            help=_('Image to initiate import process for (name or ID)'),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            '--method',
            metavar='<method>',
            default='glance-direct',
            dest='import_method',
            choices=[
                'glance-direct',
                'web-download',
                'glance-download',
                'copy-image',
            ],
            help=_(
                "Import method used for image import process. "
                "Not all deployments will support all methods. "
                "The 'glance-direct' method (default) requires images be "
                "first staged using the 'image-stage' command."
            ),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            '--uri',
            metavar='<uri>',
            help=_(
                "URI to download the external image "
                "(only valid with the 'web-download' import method)"
            ),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            '--remote-image',
            metavar='<REMOTE_IMAGE>',
            help=_(
                "The image of remote glance (ID only) to be imported "
                "(only valid with the 'glance-download' import method)"
            ),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            '--remote-region',
            metavar='<REMOTE_GLANCE_REGION>',
            help=_(
                "The remote Glance region to download the image from "
                "(only valid with the 'glance-download' import method)"
            ),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            '--remote-service-interface',
            metavar='<REMOTE_SERVICE_INTERFACE>',
            help=_(
                "The remote Glance service interface to use when importing "
                "images "
                "(only valid with the 'glance-download' import method)"
            ),
        )
        stores_group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
        stores_group.add_argument(
            '--store',
            metavar='<STORE>',
            dest='stores',
            nargs='*',
            help=_(
                "Backend store to upload image to "
                "(specify multiple times to upload to multiple stores) "
                "(either '--store' or '--all-stores' required with the "
                "'copy-image' import method)"
            ),
        )
        stores_group.add_argument(
            '--all-stores',
            action='store_true',
            help=_(
                "Make image available to all stores "
                "(either '--store' or '--all-stores' required with the "
                "'copy-image' import method)"
            ),
        )
        allow_failure_group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
        allow_failure_group.add_argument(
            '--allow-failure',
            action='store_true',
            dest='allow_failure',
            default=True,
            help=_(
                'When uploading to multiple stores, indicate that the import '
                'should be continue should any of the uploads fail. '
                'Only usable with --stores or --all-stores'
            ),
        )
        allow_failure_group.add_argument(
            '--disallow-failure',
            action='store_false',
            dest='allow_failure',
            default=True,
            help=_(
                'When uploading to multiple stores, indicate that the import '
                'should be reverted should any of the uploads fail. '
                'Only usable with --stores or --all-stores'
            ),
        )
        parser.add_argument(
            '--wait',
            action='store_true',
            help=_('Wait for operation to complete'),
        )
        return parser

    def take_action(
        self, parsed_args: argparse.Namespace
    ) -> tuple[Sequence[str], Iterable[Any]]:
        image_client = self.app.client_manager.image

        try:
            import_info = image_client.get_import_info()
        except sdk_exceptions.ResourceNotFound:
            msg = _(
                'The Image Import feature is not supported by this deployment'
            )
            raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)

        import_methods = import_info.import_methods['value']

        if parsed_args.import_method not in import_methods:
            msg = _(
                "The '%(method)s' import method is not supported by this "
                "deployment. Supported: %(supported)s"
            )
            raise exceptions.CommandError(
                msg
                % {
                    'method': parsed_args.import_method,
                    'supported': ', '.join(import_methods),
                },
            )

        if parsed_args.import_method == 'web-download':
            if not parsed_args.uri:
                msg = _(
                    "The '--uri' option is required when using "
                    "'--method=web-download'"
                )
                raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)
            _parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(parsed_args.uri)
            if not all({_parsed.scheme, _parsed.netloc}):
                msg = _("'%(uri)s' is not a valid url")
                raise exceptions.CommandError(
                    msg % {'uri': parsed_args.uri},
                )
        else:
            if parsed_args.uri:
                msg = _(
                    "The '--uri' option is only supported when using "
                    "'--method=web-download'"
                )
                raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)

        if parsed_args.import_method == 'glance-download':
            if not (parsed_args.remote_region and parsed_args.remote_image):
                msg = _(
                    "The '--remote-region' and '--remote-image' options are "
                    "required when using '--method=web-download'"
                )
                raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)
        else:
            if parsed_args.remote_region:
                msg = _(
                    "The '--remote-region' option is only supported when "
                    "using '--method=glance-download'"
                )
                raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)

            if parsed_args.remote_image:
                msg = _(
                    "The '--remote-image' option is only supported when using "
                    "'--method=glance-download'"
                )
                raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)

            if parsed_args.remote_service_interface:
                msg = _(
                    "The '--remote-service-interface' option is only "
                    "supported when using '--method=glance-download'"
                )
                raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)

        if parsed_args.import_method == 'copy-image':
            if not (parsed_args.stores or parsed_args.all_stores):
                msg = _(
                    "The '--stores' or '--all-stores' options are required "
                    "when using '--method=copy-image'"
                )
                raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)

        image = image_client.find_image(
            parsed_args.image, ignore_missing=False
        )

        if not image.container_format and not image.disk_format:
            msg = _(
                "The 'container_format' and 'disk_format' properties "
                "must be set on an image before it can be imported"
            )
            raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)

        if parsed_args.import_method == 'glance-direct':
            if image.status != 'uploading':
                msg = _(
                    "The 'glance-direct' import method can only be used with "
                    "an image in status 'uploading'"
                )
                raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)
        elif parsed_args.import_method == 'web-download':
            if image.status != 'queued':
                msg = _(
                    "The 'web-download' import method can only be used with "
                    "an image in status 'queued'"
                )
                raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)
        elif parsed_args.import_method == 'copy-image':
            if image.status != 'active':
                msg = _(
                    "The 'copy-image' import method can only be used with "
                    "an image in status 'active'"
                )
                raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)

        image_client.import_image(
            image,
            method=parsed_args.import_method,
            uri=parsed_args.uri,
            remote_region=parsed_args.remote_region,
            remote_image_id=parsed_args.remote_image,
            remote_service_interface=parsed_args.remote_service_interface,
            stores=parsed_args.stores,
            all_stores=parsed_args.all_stores,
            all_stores_must_succeed=not parsed_args.allow_failure,
        )

        info = _format_image(image)
        col_headers, col_data = zip(*sorted(info.items()))
        return col_headers, col_data


class StoresInfo(command.Lister):
    _description = _(
        "Get available backends (only valid with Multi-Backend support)"
    )

    def get_parser(self, prog_name: str) -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
        parser = super().get_parser(prog_name)
        parser.add_argument(
            "--detail",
            action='store_true',
            default=None,
            help=_(
                'Shows details of stores (admin only) '
                '(requires --os-image-api-version 2.15 or later)'
            ),
        )
        return parser

    def take_action(
        self, parsed_args: argparse.Namespace
    ) -> tuple[tuple[str, ...], Iterable[tuple[Any, ...]]]:
        image_client = self.app.client_manager.image
        try:
            columns: tuple[str, ...] = ("id", "description", "is_default")
            column_headers: tuple[str, ...] = ("ID", "Description", "Default")
            if parsed_args.detail:
                columns += ("properties",)
                column_headers += ("Properties",)

            data = list(image_client.stores(details=parsed_args.detail))
        except sdk_exceptions.ResourceNotFound:
            msg = _('Multi Backend support not enabled')
            raise exceptions.CommandError(msg)
        else:
            return (
                column_headers,
                (
                    utils.get_item_properties(
                        store,
                        columns,
                        formatters=_formatters,
                    )
                    for store in data
                ),
            )
